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Journal of the Korean Society for Surgery of the Hand 2003;8(2):51-55.
Published online June 1, 2003.
Anatomic analysis of human fingers to determine surgical margin of safety not to injure the proximal nail folds
Jin Ho Kim, Goo Hyun Baek, Moon Sang Chung, Yong Taek Han, Dong Soo Kim
손톱 주름 손상을 방지할 수 있는 안전 경계 결정을 위한 인체 수지의 해부학적 연구
김진호, 백구현, 정문상, 한용택, 김동수
Abstract
Dorsal surgical approach to the distal interphalangeal joint of finger, is a potentially dangerous procedure to injure the proximal nail fold. Surgical injury of this nail fold may cause nail deformity. There have been many reports about the anatomy of nail. However, we could not find any report which analyzed the distance between proximal end of nail fold and distal interphalangeal joint. This study measured this distance, which can be a guide not to injure the germinal matrix of the nail. Sixty fingers were obtained from 12 cadaveric donation. The fingers were sectioned longitudinally to measure the distance from the distal interphalageal joint to the proximal margin of the ventral portion of proximal nail folds (DFJ). To standardize individual variation, DFJ was divided by the longitudinal length of distal phalanx (BL). The average distances from the distal interphalageal joint to the proximal margin of the ventral portion of proximal nail folds were 5.92 ¡¾ 0.44 mm in the thumb, 2.97 ¡¾0.35 mm in the index finger, 3.16 ¡¾ 0.41 mm in the long finger, 3.16 ¡¾ 0.32 mm in the ring finger, and 2.67 ¡¾ 0 . 3 1 mm in the little finger. The average DFJ/BL were, 27.66 ¡¾ 1.85% in the thumb, 17.48 ¡¾2.28% in the index finger, 17.26 ¡¾ 2.25% in the long finger, 17.40 ¡¾ 1.90% in the ring finger, and 16.37 ¡¾1.84% in the little finger. This anatomic study of the nail can provide a guideline not to injure the germinal matrix of the nail when treating the distal phalangeal area surgically.
 
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